CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2022-23, Download PDF, Map Work and Course Structure

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Check the CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus here.

Students will learn about the course structure and gain an understanding of the relative importance of the several Geography sections for the board exam. This will enable them to concentrate on the crucial sections. They won't have to scramble at the last minute because of the thorough syllabus, which will enable them to plan ahead and prepare the necessary material for the board test. Along with the question paper format, the map work specifics are listed at the conclusion of the syllabus. Therefore, in order to adequately prepare for their board examinations, students should carefully review the CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2022–23. Download and review the syllabus below.

Check the Latest CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2022-23

Check CBSE Class 12 Syllabus of All Subjects 2022-23 
Download PDF of CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2022-23 

Part A: Fundamentals of Human Geography - 90 Periods

Unit 1: Human Geography:  07 Periods

Nature and Scope

Unit 2: People - 20 Periods

Unit 3: Human Activities - 32 Periods 

• Primary activities - concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agricultural and allied activities - some examples from selected countries 
• Secondary activities- concept; manufacturing: types - household, small scale, large scale; agro based and mineral based industries; 
• Tertiary activities - concept; trade, transport and tourism; services; people engaged in tertiary activities 
• Quaternary activities- concept; people engaged in quaternary activities - case study from selected countries 

Unit 4: Transport, Communication and Trade - 26 Periods

• Land transport - roads, railways; transcontinental railways Water transport- inland waterways; major ocean routes 
• Air transport- Intercontinental air routes Oil and gas pipelines 
• Satellite communication and cyber space
• importance and usage for geographical information; use of GPS 
• International trade- bases and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international trade; role of WTO in international trade

Map Work on the identification of features based on 1-5 units on the outline Physical/Political map of World. - 05 Periods

Part B: India: People and Economy 90 Periods

Unit 6: People - 15 Periods  

• Population: distribution, density and growth; composition of population - linguistic, religious; sex, rural-urban and occupational-regional variations in growth of population

Unit 7: Human Settlements - 10 Periods 

• Rural settlements - types and distribution 
• Urban settlements - types, distribution and functional classification 

Unit 8: Resources and Development - 30 Periods

• Land resources- general land use; agricultural land use; geographical conditions and distribution of major crops (Wheat, Rice, Tea, Coffee, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane and Rubber); agricultural development and problems 
• Water resources-availability and utilization irrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods-rain water harvesting and watershed management 
• Mineral and energy resources- distribution of metallic (Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese); non-metallic (Mica, Salt) minerals; conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas and Hydroelectricity) and non-conventional energy sources (solar, wind, biogas) and conservation 
• Planning in India- target group area planning (case study); idea of sustainable development (case study)  

Unit 9: Transport, Communication and International Trade 

• Transport and communication-roads, railways, waterways and airways: oil and gas pipelines; Geographical information and communication net works 
• International trade- changing pattern of India's foreign trade; sea ports and their hinterland and airports

Unit 10: Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems - 15 Periods  

• Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal 
• Urbanization, rural-urban migration; problems of slums 
• Land degradation

Map work on locating and labeling of features based on aboveunits on outline map of India. (05 Periods) 

Part C: Practical Work in Geography Part II - 40 Periods

Unit 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping -  25 Periods

• Type and Sources of data: Primary, Secondary and other sources 
• Tabulating and processing of data; calculation of averages, measures of central tendency 
• Representation of data- construction of diagrams: bars, circles and flowchart; thematic maps; construction of dot; choropleth and isopleths maps

Unit 2: Spatial Information Technology - 15 Periods

• Introduction to GIS; hardware requirements and software modules; data formats; raster and vector data, data input, editing and topology building; data analysis; overlay and buffer.

Prescribed Books:

• Fundamentals of Human Geography, Class XII, Published by NCERT
• India - People and Economy, Class XII, Published by NCERT
• Practical Work in Geography Part II, Class XII, Published by NCERT

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